NASA's High Temperature Ceramic Experiment
An experiment that could lead to a breakthrough in the design of space vehicles successfully completed its final design review this month and is planned for flight demonstration in June. The flight experiment will test ultra-high temperature ceramic material that could radically improve thermal protection of spacecraft through the extreme heat of reentry into Earth’s atmosphere. The Slender Hypervelocity Aerothermodynamic Research Probe — or SHARP B2 — is one of the Future-X flight experiments selected by NASA to help mold the future of space transportation. NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., manages the Future-X Program. The SHARP B2 experiment is led by NASA’s Ames Research Center at Moffett Field, Calif.
Ultra-high temperature ceramic material could make it possible for space vehicles to have sharp leading edges, instead of the blunt body design common to today’s spacecraft. Engineers routinely design spacecraft with blunt leading edges that create a region of compressed air in front of the vehicle as it travels faster than the speed of sound. This region absorbs much of the heat associated with a spacecraft’s reentry into Earth’s atmosphere and keeps the vehicle’s edges from overheating. Blunt body vehicles, however, are inefficient and have high drag, or friction, as they fly — resulting in large, expensive propulsion systems. The ceramic material the Ames Center will test in flight could substantially lower the cost of boosting objects to space. A modified Mk12A reentry vehicle — basically an aerodynamic nose cone — with four sharp leading edges will be lofted into space aboard a U.S. Air Force Minuteman III launch vehicle and will make a high-speed reentry into the atmosphere to test the ceramic material. Following reentry, the vehicle will deploy a drag chute and be recovered from the waters of the Pacific Ocean. The launch is scheduled June 28 from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif.